{"id":28225,"date":"2023-03-06T16:28:57","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T15:28:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=28225"},"modified":"2023-03-06T16:29:15","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T15:29:15","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%84%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=28225","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629[1]\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1956 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629[2]. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629[3]\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1935\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644.\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 60 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 135 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 25 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 2022\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 1888\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0652 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (1888) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (1903) \u0641\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (1906)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629[4]. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f (118-1958) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a)[5]. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (403-1962) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647[6]. \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647[7] \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1971 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1977. \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a 1988 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a[8] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a[9]\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a 1989 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a[10]. \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a 1991 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645[11]\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a[12]. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0647 \u0641\u064a 2002 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644[13]. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a[14].<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 38 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f(118-1958) \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 “\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629”.\u00a0 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (244-1971) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 (1819-1988) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (1295-1989)\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (1047-2002)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 14 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (3080-2010)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a 2002 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 (1819-1988) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 (1295-1989)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a 1989\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (403-1962) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629). \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0645: \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u061b \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a[15][16]\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a\u00a0 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 22 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1963 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (244-1971)\u061b \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 26 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1971 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629[17]. \u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f (240-1971)\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 70 \u0639\u0636\u0648. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u061f<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u063a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a 9 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 1971 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a 6 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1989 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 [18]. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629[19] \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 [20]\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647[21].<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (http:\/\/www.iort.gov.tn\/<\/a>)<\/li>\n
  2. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 28 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1956 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 53-1956).<\/li>\n
  3. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 20 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1956 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 77-1956).<\/li>\n
  4. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629: https:\/\/akroutbouhouch.blogspot.com\/<\/li>\n
  5. \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 118 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1958 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u0651\u062e \u0641\u064a 4 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1958 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 89-1958).<\/li>\n
  6. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 403 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1962 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 21 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1962 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 63-1962).<\/li>\n
  7. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 227 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1977 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 16 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1977 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 18-1977) \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 244 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1971 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 26 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1971 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 28-1971).<\/li>\n
  8. \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 13 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 65 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1976 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 12 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 1976 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 46-1976)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 46 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1977 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 12 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a 1977 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 4-1977).<\/li>\n
  9. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 1819 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1988 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 15 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u06311988 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 74-1988).<\/li>\n
  10. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 1295 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1989 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 30 \u0623\u0648\u062a 1989 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 62-1989).<\/li>\n
  11. \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 65 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1990 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 29 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 1990 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 55-1991).<\/li>\n
  12. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 2260 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2000 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 10 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2000 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647. (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 82-2000).<\/li>\n
  13. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 1047 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2002 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 7 \u0645\u0627\u064a 2002 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 30 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2002).<\/li>\n
  14. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 3080 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2010 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2010 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 98-2010).<\/li>\n
  15. \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 24 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 1964 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 21-1964) \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 22 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1963 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 56-1963) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  16. \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 26 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1971 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 28-1971).<\/li>\n
  17. \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 56 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1960 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 25 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 1965 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 10-1960).<\/li>\n
  18. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629: https:\/\/akroutbouhouch.blogspot.com\/<\/li>\n
  19. \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 7 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a 1989 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 3-1989).<\/li>\n
  20. \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 30 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2017 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0631.\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f 93-2017).<\/li>\n
  21. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 24 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 2015.https:\/\/legislation-securite.tn\/ar\/law\/44788<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 24\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2023.<\/p>\n

    \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f: \u00a0http:\/\/tiny.cc\/hourouf24<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 135 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 25 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 2022.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6757,"featured_media":28222,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[824,6,716],"tags":[1128],"class_list":["post-28225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-824","category-6","category-716","tag-1128"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Teach.jpg?fit=841%2C560&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7NVbI-7lf","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":28469,"url":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=28469","url_meta":{"origin":28225,"position":0},"title":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 :\u00a0 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u061f","author":"\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a","date":"2023\/10\/25","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633"","block_context":{"text":"\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?cat=1192"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Justice.png?fit=377%2C726&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2421,"url":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=2421","url_meta":{"origin":28225,"position":1},"title":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631*","author":"\u0633\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a","date":"2014\/01\/05","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0633\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a \u00a0 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a\u00a0[1] .... \u00a0 \u00a0 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0646\u0647[2]. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a[3]. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641[4]. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "\u0641\u0643\u0631"","block_context":{"text":"\u0641\u0643\u0631","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?cat=12"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/magistrats.jpg?fit=680%2C320&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/magistrats.jpg?fit=680%2C320&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/magistrats.jpg?fit=680%2C320&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27396,"url":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=27396","url_meta":{"origin":28225,"position":2},"title":"\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1968 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u064a","author":"\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a","date":"2021\/09\/06","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0629"","block_context":{"text":"\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0629","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?cat=824"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fev72.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":28107,"url":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=28107","url_meta":{"origin":28225,"position":3},"title":"\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f","author":"\u0639\u0644\u064a \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0629","date":"2022\/11\/09","format":false,"excerpt":"\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0631\u062d \"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\"\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0626 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 2011\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0648\u0651\u063a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629"","block_context":{"text":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?cat=1063"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Siyada.jpg?fit=743%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Siyada.jpg?fit=743%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Siyada.jpg?fit=743%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Siyada.jpg?fit=743%2C480&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3109,"url":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=3109","url_meta":{"origin":28225,"position":4},"title":"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631","author":"\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a","date":"2015\/06\/16","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0642\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647... \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u062d\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "\u0641\u0643\u0631"","block_context":{"text":"\u0641\u0643\u0631","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?cat=12"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/sadiki.jpg?fit=664%2C373&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/sadiki.jpg?fit=664%2C373&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/sadiki.jpg?fit=664%2C373&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1314,"url":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=1314","url_meta":{"origin":28225,"position":5},"title":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u064a (\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644): \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 1959 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 (1\/2)","author":"\u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0632 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631","date":"2012\/07\/28","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644...\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a...\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a. \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a\u00a0\"\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629\" \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0633 1 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u00a0\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u00a0(\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u00a0(\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629)\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a "\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a"","block_context":{"text":"\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?cat=14"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tounesaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Ahmed-Essafi.jpg?fit=400%2C456&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6757"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28225"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28228,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28225\/revisions\/28228"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/28222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}