{"id":27632,"date":"2022-02-07T10:31:10","date_gmt":"2022-02-07T09:31:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=27632"},"modified":"2022-02-07T10:56:01","modified_gmt":"2022-02-07T09:56:01","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%82%d9%88%d8%b7-%d8%ba%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%81%d9%8a-1492","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tounesaf.org\/?p=27632","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a 1492 : \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

1<\/sup>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

* \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c”\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649”<\/i> \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646:\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a (\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641)\u060c\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633<\/b>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c1997.<\/p>\n

* Charles Fraser Beckingham , <\/i><\/b>Between Islam and Christendom\u00a0: Travellers, Facts and Legends in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance<\/i>,\u00a0 Variorum Reprints, London,1983.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629\u00a0\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/em> 12<\/em>\u060c <\/em>\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 2022\u060c \u0635. \u0635. 6-7.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f<\/em>\u062f:<\/em> http:\/\/hourouf12.tounesaf.org<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 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